Protective paper and method of making the same



July 3, 1928; 1,675,769

B. W. SMITH PROTECTIVE PAPER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Original Filed Jan. 27. 1922 2 SheetsSheet 1 July 3, 1928.

B. W.- SMITH PROTECTIVE PAPER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Original Filed Jan. 27.- 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 3, 1928. 1,675,769 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BURGESS W. SMITH, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO THE TODD COMPANY, INC., OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROTECTIVE PAPER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

' Application filed January 27, 1922, Serial No. 582,334. Renewed June 15, 1926.

This invention relates to papers of the Figure shows the markings of Figures variety having characteristics affording pro- 2 and 4 in superposed relation; and tection against counterfeit reproductions Figure 6 shows the markings of Figures and against alteration of legends or matter 3 and 4 in superposed relation.

5 inscribed thereon, such as commonly em- Similar reference numerals throughout the 00 ployed for bonds, bank notes, bank checks Several views indicate the same parts. and other instruments having a monetary The present invention resides, generally or negotiable value, and relates as well to speaking, 1n the provision of a protective methods of aking h rs, or safety paper having printed over its O bj t, of th i ti i t r id surface with delible ink a pattern or marka paper of the vari ty ifi d havin an m of an intricate character inherently difiiappearance diflicult to reproduce or countercut to analyze or reproduce, and serving feit, and which is conspicuously changed n t only as a protection against counterfeit by the erasure of an inscription or legend eprodu tion in he first p a but a o an 15 on th paper i h a manner as t ff rd effective bar to the undetected erasure and a Warning of the alteration diflicult if not alt rat n f a legend lnscrlbed on the paper,

impossible to remove because f th dilfibecause .of the difficulty of reproducing culty of reproducing the original appearerased portions of the pattern for restoring ance of th a r, 1 the paper to its original appearance. Such 20 Another obj t is t ro id a paper f a protective printing or marking may furthe above character having normally con- 'l'll rmm be us d t n rmally m k 01 C011- cealed indicia which is, however, clearly di'sceal other marking or 'indicia of an indelible closed by the erasure of a legend or inscrip Character which latter is disclosed upon ,retion thereon and serves as a striking warnmoval of thedelible printing to serve as a 25 ing of such alteration. warning of alteration. A fuilther object isthe provision of a Color tints and simple lines and figures paper embodying the above advantages in delibly P in n the p p O P such a manner with regard to its olor, arktial protection because of the possibihty of ing and general char-ott r of a arance as analysis and of counterfeit reproduction and 30 to afford a suitable background for the l giof restorationv of portions thereof after erable inscription of reading matter and to com- Sure, and have a further disadvantage in ply with commercial demands and requirethat they are generally not adapted to effecments. tively conceal a warning indicia, where such Still a further object is the provision of is used. The use of a complex or intricate 35 a practical method for making safety paper pattern or marking, however, involves alterhaving the above character and advanta' es. native diflieulties in that while it should have To these and other ends the invention res des a distinctly figured character its figures in certain improvements and combinations Should not be so conspicuous, nor its tint or of parts all as will hereinafter be more fully color so deep or lacking in uniformity as to 40 described, the novel features being pointed interfere with the legibility of inscriptions out in the claims at the end of the spccifi- Written thereon, cation, Referring more particularly to the draw- In the drawings: ings, the present embodiment of the inven- Figure l is a view illustrating on an ention comprises the printing on the paper 4.3 largcd scale one of two or more component with delible ink of a pattern such, for

patterns for the paper employed in carryexample, asshown considerably enlarged in ing out the present invention; Figure 1, in combination with one or more Figure 2 1s a view showing another of the additional patterns more particularly decom'ponent patterns enlarged; scribed hereafter. The component patterns so Figure 3 shows a resultant pattern for including that of Figure 1, may be formed the paper formed by the combination of upon a single printing surface and printed the patterns illustrated in Figures 1 and 2; simultaneously or they may be printed in Figure 4 shows an enlargement of one succession one after the other, the latter form of warning indicia which may be method being preferred because of the small 5 marked or printed on the paper; size and spacing of the elements of the patterns and the clearer definition of details obtained by successive impressions. -Either or both of the component patterns may be made up of elements having the form of lines, but for the reasons among others that line effects are more easy to analyze and when superposed tend to cause the ink to run or spread at points of intersection, it is preferred to employ a pattern more in the nature of that shown byway of illustration in Figure 1. This is seen to be formed by a multiplicity of elemental spots of area 10 bounded by area portions 11 of a different tint or color, or, in other words, to be formed by a multiplicity of relatively small, substantially isolated areas differing in tint or color from the background thereof. The spots or areas 10 in the present instance represent unprinted surfaces of the paper, while the background 11 is lined to denote surface printed in any suitable tint or color forming the desired degree of contrast with the unprinted portions 10, but, of course, this relative arrangement may be reversed and the spots or areas 10 printed on a blank background if desired. Printing of the background is preferred, however, because the latter would be more difficult to reproduce than the areas themselves. The spots or areas 10 are shown in this case as substantially circular but may have other shapes,

an area of relatively small compact form having been found most satisfactory. These areas may be repeated in regularly spaced order, or disposed in lines or rows, as for example in the familiar halftone screens or Ben Day effects or arranged in some other regular geometrical relation but are grouped in the present embodiment to form repeated figures such as the hexagons one of which is identified by the outline 12, Figure 1, having one of the areas at each corner thereof.

lVhen figures are employed to form the pattern, whether composed of elements in the nature of lines or of isolated areas such as shown at 10, they should, for the best efl'ects,.have a general shape adapting them to repetition in proximity with one another so that they fill out or cover substantially the whole surface of the paper for'extending the protection to all small portions of the latter. Triangles, squares. and hexagons, or shapes having substantially the outlines of these are particularly adapted for this purpose, as well understood in the art, the hexagon being employed in the present modification. Figures may thus be employed of a complex character, .or in other words, formed individually of a numberof differently colored areas or portions, and this complexity of character adapts them, in combination with other superposed patterns, to form an intricate resultant pattern composed of various other figures, difiicult to analyze and reproduce, as more fully explained hereafter.

An important consideration in the formation of the pattern figures, both for uniformity of appearance and protective value of the resultant or final composite pattern, is the arrangement of the component lines or elements in each figureiso as to avoid straight line efi'ects in the individual figures or as between adjacent figures. This may be accomplished by employing lines changing more or less continuously in direction, or lines or elements of a discontinuous 0r separated nature, and the isolated areas 10 have been found to lend themselves admirably in grouped arrangement to the formation of figures of this character. Preferably the areas are so arranged in each figure as to avoid coincidence of any substantial number of successively adjacent areas with a straight line passing through the figure,'or else the adjacent figures themselves are so arranged as to avoid coincidence with each other, of any straight alignments of adjacent areas which may exist in adjacent figures. The interruption of alignment of ad acent areas or units in this manner prevents the tendency to form straight line efiects in the final pattern referred to above. The result is that the lines, areas or other elemental units are arranged in a form of alignment which is intermittently and symmetrically interrupted or varied in direction as may be seen in the pattern shown in Fig. 1. Alignment of the units in each of the component patterns provides for the formation of a repeated figure or figures, when they are pro perly superposed to produce the final or resultant pattern, as hereafterdescribed. Symmetrical interruption or variation of the a ignment not only prevents an undesirable striated effect in the final pattern, as already stated, but serves to render the figures of the final composite pattern more intricate and (liflicult to analyze and reproduce.

Obviously the isolated areas or other elemental units may either be formed by printing them in ink on a blank background or by printing the background itself leaving ,the areas as unprinted portions, as stated above. the latter system being preferred because it is more difiicult to analyze and reproduce the background aud because in the particular form of pattern herein shown less ink is required to print the background than to print the areas, for which reason and others understood by those skilled in the art the printing of the background produces, a lighter tint and a more uniform and satisfactory pattern on which to inscribe legible reading matter. i

It is to be noted also that the successively adjacent figures 12 are arranged in parallel lines or rows extending in a plurality of d rections, that is to say, from side to side of Figure 1 and at angles of approximately 60 therewith in both directions. By this arrangement the figures are also disposed inrows radiating in a plurality of directions from any one of the figures as a center. This dispositon of the figures carrying out the symmetrical interrupted alignment of elemental units-orareas 10 described above provides for the combination thereof with the figures of a component superposed pattern to form other gures in the resultant composite pattern which are repeated at comparatively close intervals as a result of such arrangement, as more fully. explained hereafter.

A pattern of the above character may be effectively combined to obtain the desired results with various other patterns of such a character of formation as is adapted to conceal the form of each pattern when superposed one upon the other and to create a resultant pattern of an intricate nature. Best results have been obtained by employing for this purpose a second pattern formed by a multiplicity of figures arranged in regular geometric relation, as described in connection with Figure 1. And if such figures be of a complex form or in other words he individually composed of differently colored portions a very complex resultant pattern may be obtained with various figures different from those of either of the component patterns and repeated at intervals by reason of the recurring intersect on of the rows of figures. In the present instance, by way of illustration, the second pattern is generally similar 0 the first pattern shown in Figure 1. that is to say, with hexagonal figures 13, Figure 2, composed of a plurality of isolated circular areas, 14, appearing as unprinted surfaces on a printed background 15. Preterably the spacing of the centers of the dif ferent figures or of their component isolated areas or the particular character of the figures themselves is varied as between the two patterns to differentiate them and 1ncrease the difficulty of analyzing them from the resultant pattern formed by their superposition. Such difierentspacing of :the figure centers also produces in the resultant pattern an intermittent appearance and disappearance of the repeated figures due to such different spacing and the progressive or cumulative shifting of the figures of one pattern relative to the other, which adds to the difficulty of reproduction. The second pattern in the present instance, as shown in Figure 2, comprises figures arranged as described in connection with the first pattern of Figure 1, with the different figures, however. composed of elemental areas arranged to form larger hexagons than in the first pattern having two areas on each side there of spaced from the corners, with an inner nucleus. Adjacent hexagons here have a side in common.

When two or more patterns of the general characterdescribed and shown in Figures 1 and 2 are placed in superposition with each other, the character of each of the component patterns is completely concealed in a resultant composite pattern which is exceedingly intricate, as shown in F i 'ure 3. Such an effect is best produced by displacing one of the patterns angular-1y with relation to the other or in other words so that the rows of figures cross each other forming a multiplicity of different figures repeated at intervals, and the resultant pattern is capable of substantial] infinite variation in its figures and their re ative spacing by such angular shifting of the component patterns. This variation 111 the character of the composite pattern affords an opportunity for creating different distinctive styles of the latter all having in common the essential characteristics described, and being suitable for an assignment to different uses where a distinctive pattern is desired for each use. Other than such control of the angular displacement for the purpose described, no registry .of any portion of one pattern with the other in printing is required. Thus, for example, where the spacing of the figure centers in the respective patterns is different, the progressive shifting of the figuresof one pattern relative to the other due to the different spacing produces a recurring cycle of change through the possible variations in the figures of the resultant pattern, regardless of conditions of registry between the patterns, which is of considerable practical importance in the production of the paper.

Two or more component patterns of the general character described may be formed on a single printing surface .and thus printed simultaneously on the paper, but because of the tendency of adjacent lines to merge with each other under such circumstances, actually as well as in visual effect, as well understood in the art, a clearer definition and more uniform color effect is obtained by first printing one of the patterns and then printing the other over the first, which is rendered a simple and practical operation bythe fact stated above that registry is not essential.

It is apparent from Figure 3 that a paper having such a pattern printed thereon is exceedingly difficult if not impossible to reproduce or counterfeit. \Vith such a pattern printed on the paper with delible ink of the usualor any suitable variety, subject to ready removal by either abrasive or chemical treatment of the paper, as well understood in the art, erasure of a legend or inscription on the paper removes the pattern and conspicuously alters the appearance of the paper over the area Where such alteration is made. With the pattern thus removed it is exceedingly difficult if not im-' possible to repair or restore the, paper to Inn its original appearance by reconstructing the pattern, due to its intricacy, and the concealment of the character of the component patterns.

It is important in paper employed for the purposes specified that a comparatively light color or tint be employed which does not interfere with the legibility of the written inscription. Furthermore the protective pattern should preferably be of a substantially uniform depth of tint to afford a uniform background and avoid confusion of the figures of the pattern with the inscription. Commercial usage furthermore requires, for the above and other reasons, the use of paper the marking or pattern of which is inconspicuous as to its component figures. Protective paper printed in accordance with the method described herein is particularly adapted to meet these requirements. The overlapping or superimposed complex figures produce a pattern of pleasing uniformity of tint or color while at the same time containing distinctive configurations of an intricate and puzzling character. The component patterns may be printed simultaneously in a single color having different tints caused by superposition, or they may be printed successively with the same or a different tint or color for each. The pattern may of course be printed on papers of different colors, the term color being used herein in a broad sense inclusive of white and to distinguish also between tints of different depth which might for other purposes be classed as variations of the same color, strictly speaking.

The above described method of protectively printing the paper may be made still more effective by combinin therewith a, warning indicia indelibly printed upon the paper. in accordance with the principles described and claimed in Letters Patent #1354537 granted May 8, 1923, for an invention made by me in safety paper and methods of making same, of which the present invention is in part in the nature of an improvement. The warning indicia is so applied as to be camouflaged by the composite pattern described, under normal conditions, but left on the paper, because of its indelible character, when the delible pattern is removed by erasure, to form a conspicuous warning of such erasure or alteration. This indicia preferably has' the form of any suitable letters, word or words inherently capable of conveying the intended warning, the word Void being employed in the present instance by way of illustration.- As shown in Figure 4, this word is preferably printed over the entire surface of the paper in a closely repeated manner and progressively shifted or staggered as shown in the drawing. The warning indicia may be printed in characters of any suitable style, but it is preferred in the present instance to employ dotted or broken lines for the same, or, in other words, lines comprising isolated areas adapted to blend in with the character of the delible pattern while still being clearly legible when the latter is removed. The use of dotted lines for this purpose facilitates camouflaging by an overprinted pattern of comparatively light tint. This indicia is so shown in Figure 4, and Figure 5 shows the same with one of the component patterns, such as. shown in Figure 2, in superposed relation, from which it appears that the warning indicia is practically concealed thereby. Such concealment is preferably carried further by the over printing of the second component pattern such as shown in Figure 1 which combines with the first pattern as shown in Figure 6 to further camouflage the warning indicia and conceal its presence. The second pattern furthermore conceals the character of each of the component patterns and creates a resultant pattern composed of various figures repeated at intervals and capable of variation by varying the relative positions of the patterns as described above. The camoutlaging patterns may be printed over the warning indicia either successively or sfmultaneously although for the reasons pointed out above it is preferred to make each impression separately, but such terms as superposed and in superposed relation employed herein with reference to the permanent indicia and the one or more delile patterns are intended to refer to the application of these markings to the same surface whether impressed simultaneously or succesively, except where the order of impression is specified. Also the terms delible and erasable applied to the ink or. other medium used to impress the pattern or patterns other than the warning indicia, are intended to refer to an ink or medium purposely made erasable or noticeably alterable by mediums capable of removing writing or other legends inscribed on the paper, or by abrasive treatment of the paper.

Instead'of printing the warning indicia on the paper. however. it may be applied as a watermark or in any other suitable manner giving it the desired prominence and indelibility. Also, instead of printing or otherwise making such indicia on the paper initially conspicuous form, it may be printed 'in a substantially invisible ink or in of a very light tint but having a chemical composition which reacts upon application to the paper of a chemical eradicating fluid to assume a comparatively deep and con-- spicuous tint or color, as well understood in the art. This latter modification in the method of printing the warning indicia has the advantage that such indicia may initially be substantially invisible, or have an inconspicuous form readily camouflaged by the overprinted pattern, while adapted to appear in a striking color contrasting sharply with the remaining pattern portions adjacent a spot at which erasure with chemicals has been made. The herein described method of protection may be employed in conjunction with ordinary paper or paper which has been chemically treated to give it additional protective properties, as well understood in the art, the term safety paper being intended to denote both these varieties of paper as well as any other provided with protective features for the purposes described.

I claim as my invention:

1. A safety paper having marked thereon with erasable ink and in superposed relation two or more patterns, one of which is formed by a multiplicity of closely arranged spots of area bounded by area portions of a different color arid combining in superposition with the other pattern or patterns to form an intricate resultant pattern for the paper composed of repeated figures.

2. A safety paper having delibly printed thereon in superposed relation two or more patterns one of which is formed by a multiplicity of closel arranged spots of area bounded by area portions of a different tint or color and combining in superposition with the other pattern or patterns to effectively conceal the character of each pattern and create a resultant complex pattern for the paper.

3. A safety paper having marked thereon with erasable ink a pattern formed by a multiplicity of closely arranged spots of area bounded by area ortions of a different color, said spots 0 areas being superposed upon one another in confusingly varied relation.

4. A safety paper having printed thereon with erasable ink an intricate pattern formed by a multiplicity of closely repeated spots of unprinted area bounded by printed area portions, said spots of areas beingsuperposed upon one another in confusingly varied relation.

terns and form an intricate resultant pattern for the paper composed of repeated figures.

6. A safety paper havingprmted thereon with erasable ink and in superposed relation two or more patterns, each of which is formed by a multiplicity of closely repeated bounded by printed area portions and combining in superposition with said other pattern or patterns to conceal the character of each of said patterns and form an intricate resultant pattern for the paper composed of repeated figures.

7. A safety paper having marked thereon with erasable ink and in superposed relation two or more patterns, one of which is formed by a multiplicity of closely arranged spots of area bounded by area portions of a different color and grouped to form figures combining in superposition with said other pattern or patterns to conceal the character of each of said patterns and form a resultant intricate pattern composed of various figures.

8. A safety paper having printed thereon with erasable ink and in superposed re lation two or more patterns, one of which 15 formed by a multiplicity of closely repeated spots of unprinted area bounded by printed area portions and grouped to form a repeated figure combining in superposition with said other pattern or patterns to conceal the character of each of said patterns and form a resultant pattern composed of 1 formed by a multiplicity of closely repeated substantially circular unprinted areas bounded by printed area portions and grouped to form figures combining in superposition with the'figures of saidother pattern or patterns to conceal the character of each of said patterns and form a resultant intricate pattern composed of various figures.

10. A safety paper having printed thereon with erasable ink and in superposed relation two or more patterns, each of which is formed by a multiplicity of closely repeated areas bounded by a background of a different color and grouped to form figures arranged in rows for combinationswith the superposed figures of, the other pattern or patterns to conceal the character of each of said patterns and form an intricate resultant pattern composed of various figures repeated at intervalsover the paper.

11. A safety paper having delibly printed thereon in super osed relation patterns formed by repeate complex figures comprisin areas having rtions thereof differently c lored and com ining in superposition to effectively conceal the character of each pattern" and create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper composedof various figures.

12. A safety paper having deliblyprinted thereon in superposed relation patterns formed by. repeated complex figures comprising groups of areas substantially isolated by a background of different color and come substantially circular unprinted areas bining in superposition to effectively conceal the character of each pattern and create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper.

13. A safety paper having delibly printed thereon in superposed relation patterns formed by substantially isolated figures each comprising an area having differently colored portions combining withsuperposed figures to effectively conceal the character of each pattern and create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper composed of various figures.

14. A safety paper having delibly printed thereon a pattern formed by figures comprising areas having portions thereof differently colored, and also a second pattern in superposed relation with the first formed by figures arranged in line extending in a plurality of directions and combining with said first pattern to conceal the character of both and create a resultant pattern composed of various figures.

15. A safety paper having delibly printed thereon in superposed relation patterns formed by figures each comprising a group of spaced units with the figures of each pattern arranged in lines extending in a plu rality of directions and combining with one another to conceal the character of each pattern and create a resultant pattern composed of figures capable of variation by variation in the relative position of said superposed patterns.

16. A safety paper having patterns delibly printed thereon in superposed relation each comprising a multiplicity of substantially separate circular areas (littering in color from the background thereof and disposed in proximity with one another to form a multiplicity of hexagonal figures closely arranged to occupy substantially the entire surface of said paper and combining with one another in superposition to conceal the character of each component pattern and create a resultant intricate pattern composed of various figures.

17. A safety paper marked with indelible indicia for denotin alteration of the paper and also with delib e patterns in superposed relation with said indicia and with each other formed by fingers comprising areas having differently colored portions combining in superposition to camouflage said indicia and also the character of each of said component patterns and to create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper.

18. A safety paper marked with indelible indicia for denoting alteration of the paper and also with delible patterns in superposed relation with said indicia and with each other formed by fingers comprising groups of isolated areas differing in color fromthe background thereof and combining to camoufiage said indicia and also the character of each of said patterns and to create a resultant pattern for the paper composed of various figures.

19. A safety paper marked with indelible characters inherently conveying a warning when visible that the paper has been altered, and also with a delible pattern formed by a multiplicity of closely arranged spots of area bounded by area portions of a different color and superposed upon one another in confusingly varied relation to camouflage said warning characters and provide an intricate protective pattern for the paper.

20. A safety paper marked with indelible indicia serving as a warning when visible that the paper has been altered, and having printed thereon with erasable ink a pattern comprising a multiplicity of closely repeated spots of area formed by unprinted area portions bounded by printed area portions and superposed upon one another in confusingly varied relation to conceal said warning indicia and provide a intricate protective pattern for the paper.

21. A safet paper marked with indelible characters in ierently conveying a warning when visible that the paper has been altered, and having printed thereon with erasable ink two or more patterns, in superposed relation with said indicia and with each other one of which patterns comprises a multiplicity of closely arranged spots of unprinted area bounded by printed area portions and combining in superposition with the other pattern on patterns to conceal said warning indicia and the character of each of saidcomponents patterns and provided a resultant intricate protective pattern for the paper.

22. A safety paper marked with indelible indicia for denoting alteration and having printed thereon with delible ink in superposed relation with said indicia and with each other patterns formed by figures arranged in rows and combining in superposition to conceal said indicia and the character of each of said patterns and to create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper composed of other figures.

23. A safety paper indelibly marked with indicia for denoting alteration and having ilelibly printed thereon in superposed relation with said indicia and with each other patterns formed by figures arranged in rows, said figures comprising groups of isolated areas differing in color from the background thereof and combining in superposition to conceal said indicia and the character of each of said patterns and to create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper composed of various units.

24. A safety paper having indicia for de noting alteration indelibly printed thereon in broken lines, and having delibly printed thereon also in superposed relation with said indicia and with each other patterns formed by figures comprising groups of substantially isolated marks combining in superposition to camouflage said indicia and the character of each of said patterns and to create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper.

25. A safety paper having indelibly marked thereover a multiplicity of substantially isolated areas arranged in' lines' forming characters inherently conveying a warning, when legible, that the paper has been altered, and having erasably marked thereon over said warning characters a pattern formed by a multiplicity of substantially isolated areas commingled with one another and with the areas of said characters in confusingly varied relation for concealing said characters and providing an intricate protective pattern for the paper.

26. A safety paper having indelibly marked thereover a multiplicity of substantially isolated areas arranged in lines forming characters inherently conveying a warning, when legible, that the paper has been altered, and having erasably printed thereon over said warning characters a pattern, comprising a printed background having thereon a multiplicity of substantially isolated unprinted areas coinmingled with one another and with the areas of said characters in confusingly varied relation for camoufiaging said characters and providing an intricate protective pattern for the'paper.

27. A safety paper having indelibly printed thereon indicia for denoting alteration formed by isolated areas differing in color from the backgroundthereof, and having delibly printed thereon also, in superposed relation with said indicia to conceal the latter, a pattern formed by complex figures comprising groups of isolated areas differing in color from the background thereof, said paper having delibly printed thereon also in superposed relation with said first pattern a second pattern formed by repeated gures combining with said first pattern to conceal the character of both and create a resultant intricate pattern for the paper.

28. A safety paper having indelibly printed thereon indicia for denoting alteration formed by isolated areas difi'ering in color from the background thereof, and having dcliblyprinted thereon also in super posed relation with said indicia and with each other patterns each com rising a multiplicity of isolated areas d1 ering in color from the background thereof and grouped to form repeated figures arranged in rows and combining With the figures of the other pattern to conceal said indicia and the formation of each of said patterns and to create a resultant intricate pattern composed of various figures.

29. The method of making safety paper consisting in printin thereon with delible ink a pattern forme by a multiplicity of substantially isolated figures arranged in rows on a background of a different color,

and printing thereon with delible ink over said first pattern a second pattern similar to the first with its rows of figures disposed angularly with relation to those of. said first pattern to intersect the same and form a resultant pattern composed of other repeated figures.

30. The method of making safety paper consisting in printing thereon with delible ink a pattern formed by a multiplicity of substantially isolated figures disposed in rows in a regular geometrical arrangement on a background of a different color, and printing thereon with delible ink over said first pattern a second pattern comprising a printed background having thereon a multiplicity of unprinted areas forming figures disposed in rows arranged in intersecting relation with the rows of figures of said first pattern, to form a resultant pattern composed of other repeated figures.

31. The method of making safety paper consisting in printing thereon with indelible ink characters conveying a warning, when legible, that the paper has been altered, printing over said characters with delible ink a pattern concealing said characters and comprising a multiplicity of figures repeated in rows on a background of a different color, and printing with delible ink over said first pattern a second similar pattern having its rows of figures in intersecting relation with the rows of figures of said first pattern and combined with the latter to conceal the forn'iation of each component pattern and provide a resultant intricate protective pattern for the. paper composed of bther repeated figures.

32. The method of making safety paper consisting in forming two or more patterns each comprising a multiplicity of figures arranged in rows with the figures of one of said patterns formed as unprinted surfaces on a printed background, shifting said patterns angularly to produce when super posed a crossing of their respective rows of figures and a resultant intricate pattern composed of other repeated figures, and printing the patterns in superposition on the paper in said arrangement with delible ink adapted to be removed during the erasure of an inscription from the paper.

33. The method of making safety paper consisting in forming two or more patterns each comprising a multiplicity of figures regularly arranged in rows with the figures of one of said patterns formed individually as groups of substantially isolated unprinted areas on a printed background, shifting Said patterns angularly with relation to one another to produce when superposed a crossing of their rows of figures, and printing said patterns in superposition on the paper with I i erasable ink to produce a resultant intricate pattern safeguarding the paper against undetected erasure of legends inscribed thereon.

3+1. A safety paper, provided with a relatively indelible marking adapted to inherently eonvey a Warning, when visible, that the paper has been altered, and provided also with a relatively delible marking comprising a counterfeit defying pattern, adapted-to mask said warning marking, until removed by an erasure made on the paper and composed of a multiplicitypf elements difiieult to analyze and reproduce for protectmg said paper against both alter-- ation and counterfeit reproduction.

The method of making safety paper comprislng .fornnng two or more patterns each having a multiplicitv of figures arranged in rows with the figures of one of said patterns formed individually as groups of substantially isolated areas on a background of a different color, shifting said patterns angularly with relation to one another to produce when superposed a crossing of their respective rows of figures and a resultant intricate pattern, and printing the patterns in superposition on the. paper in said arangement with delible ink adapted to be removed during erasure of an inscript'ion from the paper.

BURGESS W. SMITIL 

